In Texas, the legislative landscape is shifting as state lawmakers propose House Bill 6, which aims to simplify the process for schools to suspend younger students, particularly those under the third grade and students experiencing homelessness.

Overview of House Bill 6

The bill, garnering support from approximately 75% of Republican representatives in the Texas House, allows for the suspension of students below the third grade for behaviors that cause “repeated or significant disruption in the classroom” or pose threats to the “immediate health and safety of other students.” While the bill would limit out-of-school suspensions for these students to a maximum of three days, it grants schools the autonomy to determine the length of in-school suspensions.

Additionally, the bill permits the establishment of online alternative schools for students who exhibit serious behavioral issues and allows for placements in alternative disciplinary schools.

Offenses Leading to Suspension

The legislation encompasses various offenses that justify out-of-school suspension, including weapon-related incidents and possession or use of controlled substances, such as marijuana or alcohol.

Debate Among Lawmakers and Educators

During a recent public education committee hearing, some lawmakers raised concerns about the potential severity of the bill, while others argued it serves as needed support for teachers and administrators. Rep. Mark Dorazio (R-San Antonio), a co-sponsor of the bill, framed it as a means to enhance teachers’ authority in managing classroom discipline and ensuring academic integrity.

“The bill expands teachers’ ability to maintain order, safeguard student safety and uphold academic integrity in their classrooms,” said Dorazio.

Despite showing support for the bill, some educators express apprehension. Melina Espiritu-Azocar, president of the Northside American Federation of Teachers, emphasized the necessity of increased funding for support staff rather than punitive measures:

“Students need support with background services, with social workers and with people that can support and help their families. And [HB 6] does none of that,” explained Espiritu-Azocar.

Historical Context of Student Discipline Policies in Texas

This proposed legislation does not mark the first government intervention in student discipline. In 1995, Texas enacted Chapter 37, outlining regulations for addressing student conduct. Moreover, in 2019, a law was established to prohibit the suspension of homeless students, except for severe infractions involving violence or substance abuse. However, reports have indicated that some districts, including those in San Antonio, may have unlawfully suspended students facing homelessness.

Impact on San Antonio Schools

The San Antonio Independent School District (SAISD) previously acknowledged unlawfully suspending homeless students and has since allocated significant funding for mental health initiatives, including increasing counseling staff to support these vulnerable students. Currently, SAISD has seven licensed master social workers in place to assist students experiencing homelessness.

In the 2023-24 academic year, SAISD’s data recorded over 3,500 out-of-school suspensions, indicating a persistent concern with managing student discipline effectively.

Looking Ahead

The ongoing debate surrounding House Bill 6 reflects the complexity of student discipline and the critical need for a balance between maintaining classroom order and providing necessary support services to students. As the bill progresses through the legislature, educators, lawmakers, and community members will continue to evaluate its potential impact on students and schools across Texas.