Research Overview

Recent research challenges common beliefs regarding marriage and health. A long-term study involving over 24,000 adults, with an average initial age of 71, indicates that single individuals may experience better cognitive health as they age, particularly in relation to dementia risk.

Findings published in Alzheimer’s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association indicate that unmarried participants—including those who are widowed, divorced, or never married—are approximately 50% less likely to develop dementia compared to their married peers.

The Link Between Marriage and Dementia Risk

While marriage often provides emotional support and companionship, it may also introduce stressors that can adversely affect cognitive function over time. Dr. Nava Silton, a psychology professor at Marymount Manhattan College, explains, “Married people might have additional financial strain and marital strain, and those types of things can be problematic.”

The study highlights that chronic stress—stemming from financial, emotional, or interpersonal relationships—can diminish cognitive capabilities.

Additionally, social networking appears to play a significant role. Dr. Silton points out that married individuals may unintentionally narrow their social circles, whereas unmarried individuals often maintain a broader array of relationships and engage in various hobbies that contribute positively to brain health.

“Singles might have more varied social networks,” Dr. Silton adds. “They might pursue unique experiences. They might take better care of their health.”

Understanding the Study’s Findings

It is important to note that this study does not claim that marriage directly causes dementia. In fact, those who are married often benefit from having a partner who can notice early signs of cognitive decline and assist in seeking medical attention, resulting in earlier diagnosis of dementia.

The focus of the research was on long-term trends and associated risks rather than direct causation. Moreover, emotional well-being and quality of life are crucial components emphasized by the study.

Dr. Silton underscores the importance of happiness, stating, “Happiness is incredibly important for physical and psychological health. Doing what you need to maintain a healthy sense of self and feeling satisfied in life is really important.”

Tips for Cognitive Health Regardless of Relationship Status

Regardless of whether one is married or single, maintaining physical, mental, and social well-being is essential as one ages. Dr. Silton recommends the following activities:

• Engage in regular physical exercise, even if it’s just daily walks.
• Stay connected with friends and family to sustain social networks.
• Pursue mentally stimulating activities, such as puzzles or learning new skills.

“I’d also highly recommend staying physically and mentally active—whether that’s 20 minutes a day in the gym or in your home,” she advises.

Ultimately, finding a healthy balance between supportive relationships and personal independence may lead to optimal cognitive health as individuals age.